Energy Development Company Limited

🔴 Bear CaseWhat could go wrong?

1. Margins are being competed away
   EBITDA margin has fallen from 69.6% to 62.5%. If the trend continues, profit falls even on flat sales — and margin decline rarely reverses quickly.
2. The debt load needs earnings to hold up
   Debt is 3.9x EBITDA. At that level a downturn in earnings turns a manageable balance sheet into a refinancing problem, and lenders get paid before shareholders.
3. Growth barely outpaces inflation
   Revenue compounding at 7.3% a year is close to the rate prices rise, so the business is gaining little ground in real terms. That leaves the share price dependent on a re-rating rather than on earnings growth.
4. Returns on shareholder capital are falling
   ROE has dropped from 4.1% to -6.2%. Each rupee of equity earns less than it did, so profit growth increasingly depends on raising more capital rather than on the existing base working harder.
5. Earnings are hard to forecast
   Profit has swung sharply from year to year, so any single year — good or bad — is a weak guide to the next. Cyclical earnings deserve lower multiples for that reason.